Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 council areas. Historically part of the county of Midlothian (interchangeably Edinburghshire before 1921), it is located in Lothian on the southern shore of the Firth of Forth. Edinburgh is Scotland’s second-most populous city and the seventh-most populous city in the United Kingdom.
Recognised as the capital of Scotland since at least the 15th century, Edinburgh is the seat of the Scottish Government, the Scottish Parliament and the highest courts in Scotland. The city’s Palace of Holyroodhouse is the official residence of the monarch in Scotland. The city has long been a centre of education, particularly in the fields of medicine, Scots law, literature, philosophy, the sciences and engineering. It is the second-largest financial centre in the United Kingdom, and the city’s historical and cultural attractions have made it the UK’s second-most visited tourist destination attracting 4.9 million visits, including 2.4 million from overseas in 2018.
Edinburgh’s official population estimates are 488,050 (mid-2016) for the Edinburgh locality, 518,500 (mid-2019) for the City of Edinburgh council area, and 1,339,380 (2014) for the wider city region. Edinburgh lies at the heart of the Edinburgh and South East Scotland city region comprising East Lothian, Edinburgh, Fife, Midlothian, Scottish Borders and West Lothian.
The city is the annual venue of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland. It is home to national cultural institutions such as the National Museum of Scotland, the National Library of Scotland and the Scottish National Gallery. The University of Edinburgh, founded in 1582 and now one of three in the city, is placed 16th in the QS World University Rankings for 2022. The city is also known for the Edinburgh International Festival and the Fringe, the latter being the world’s largest annual international arts festival. Historic sites in Edinburgh include Edinburgh Castle, the Palace of Holyroodhouse, the churches of St. Giles, Greyfriars and the Canongate, and the extensive Georgian New Town built in the 18th/19th centuries. Edinburgh’s Old Town and New Town together are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, which has been managed by Edinburgh World Heritage since 1999. (Wikipedia)
Princes Street looking west, Edinburgh, circa 1960Castle Street, Edinburgh, circa 1960Princes Street looking east, Edinburgh, circa 1960Princes Street looking east, Edinburgh, circa 1960St. Cuthbert’s horse-drawn milk cart, Canongate, Edinburgh, 1960The ‘Pentland Hills Hotel’, 68 Camus Avenue, Edinburgh, 1960View north from the castle, Edinburgh, circa 1960By the Floral Clock, Edinburgh, 1961Castle entrance, Edinburgh, 1961East end of Princes Street, Edinburgh, 1961Fettes College, Inverleith, Edinburgh, 1961Greyfriars’ Bobby’s Bar, Candlemaker Row, Edinburgh, 1961Imperial Hotel, Leith Street, from the junction with Little King Street (the pub on the right is Moir’s Bar), Edinburgh, 1961J. W. Mackie’s Shop & Tea Room, Princes Street, Edinburgh, 1961Jenners Store, Princes Street, Edinburgh, 1961Marcus’ Fur Shop, 97 Princes Street, Edinburgh, 1961Old Waverley Hotel from the Scott Monument, Princes Street, Edinburgh, circa 1961Princes Street Gardens looking east, Edinburgh, 1961Princes Street looking east, Edinburgh, 1961Princes Street looking east, Edinburgh, 1961Princes Street looking west from the Scott Monument, Edinburgh, 1961Princes Street looking west, Edinburgh, 1961Scott Monument, Princes Street, Edinburgh, 1961St.Giles Cathedral, Edinburgh, 1961Sunset from Calton Hill, Edinburgh, 1961The Old Waverley Hotel, Princes Street, Edinburgh, 1961The Old Waverley Hotel, Princes Street, Edinburgh, 1961The ‘Roxburghe’ Hotel, Charlotte Square, Edinburgh, 1961Usher Brewery Cart, Waverley Bridge, Edinburgh, 1961West end of Princes Street at Binns Store, Edinburgh, 1961Bus stop, Princes Street, Edinburgh, 1962Castle from George Heriot’s School, Edinburgh, 1962Chester Street, Edinburgh, 1962High Street looking west, Edinburgh, 1962John Knox’s House, High Street, Edinburgh, 1962John Knox’s House, High Street, Edinburgh, 1962Looking west at St. Giles Cathedral, High Street, Edinburgh, 1962Mons Meg, Castle, Edinburgh, 1962Princes Street looking east, Edinburgh, circa 1962Princes Street looking east, Edinburgh, circa 1962Princes Street looking east, Edinburgh, circa 1962Princes Street looking west, Edinburgh, circa 1962Princes Street looking west, Edinburgh, circa 1962River Almond, Cramond, Edinburgh, 1962St. Mary’s Episcopalian Cathedral from Melville Street, Edinburgh, 1962The Beach, Cramond, Edinburgh, 1962The castle from Frederick Street, Edinburgh, 1962Canongate Tolbooth, High Street, Edinburgh, 1963Greyfriars Bobby, George IV Bridge, Edinburgh, circa 1963John Knox’s House, Edinburgh, 1963John Knox’s House, Edinburgh, 1963Lower Canongate, Edinburgh, 1963Princes Street looking east, Edinburgh, 1963St. Giles Cathedral, High Street, Edinburgh, 1963Traffic policeman, junction of Frederick St. and Princes St., Edinburgh, 1963Waverley Station from south St. Andrew Street, Edinburgh, 1963West end, Princes Street, Edinburgh, 1963East Princes Street Gardens, Edinburgh, 1964High Street Looking East at St. Giles, Edinburgh, 1964Holyrood House, Edinburgh, 1964John Knox’s House, High Street, Edinburgh, 1964Junction of Princes Street and Shandwick Place, Edinburgh, 1964Princes Street from Calton Hill, Edinburgh, 1964Princes Street looking east, Edinburgh, 1964Princes Street looking east, Edinburgh, 1964Princes Street looking west, Edinburgh, 1964Forth Road Bridge, River Forth, Queensferry, 1965Melville Street, Edinburgh, 1965Princes Street looking east, Edinburgh, 1965Princes Street Looking West, Edinburgh, 1965
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